What is the term for the authority leaders have over soldiers by virtue of rank or assignment?

The term that refers to the authority leaders have over soldiers by virtue of their rank or assignment is "Command Authority." This concept is fundamental within the military structure, as it defines the hierarchical relationships between leaders and their subordinates. Command authority grants leaders the power to issue orders, enforce discipline, and make decisions regarding operations and the welfare of their personnel.

In a military context, command authority is crucial because it establishes clear lines of responsibility and accountability, ensuring that all personnel understand who is in charge and who is responsible for decision-making. This authority is typically derived from official assignments and ranks within the military, reinforcing the structured environment necessary for effective management and operations in a military setting.

Other terms like leadership authority, operational authority, and functional authority might convey aspects of influence or responsibilities within certain contexts, but they do not encompass the specific scope and structure that command authority encompasses in military operations. For example, leadership authority often focuses on personal influence or interpersonal relationships, while operational and functional authorities pertain more to tasks and organizational functions rather than the overarching hierarchical power inherent in command authority.